Permits & People

Special Pass Tanzania: Interim Pass, EAC Rules and Short-Term Work

Cover: special pass Tanzania, interim pass and EAC special pass under GN 428 of 2023, compared with the business visa F0394
Special pass, interim pass, business visa and the full permit route for short assignments on the Mainland. As at 7 October 2026.
Direct answer

What is a special pass in Tanzania? Since GN 428 of 2023, the special pass is issued only to nationals of East African Community states who have secured employment or a short assignment, for up to 90 days plus one extension. Other foreigners waiting for a residence permit get an interim pass instead. Neither pass replaces a work permit under Cap. 436.

The old "special pass" that many guides describe for any foreigner awaiting a residence permit was renamed the interim pass in 2023. It holds a person's immigration status while a formality is completed. It does not authorise paid work, so a short-term worker still needs the right visa or the full permit route.

What the law says about the special pass

A special pass in Tanzania is an immigration pass, not a work permit. Passes are created by the Immigration Regulations, 1997 (GN 657 of 1997), made under the Immigration Act, Cap. 54. Regulation 8 lists the passes, and regulation 12 originally described the special pass.

Three later notices changed the rules. Read them in order, because older guides often stop at the first.

GN 428 made two changes that matter here. Regulation 4 replaced the words "Special Pass" in regulation 8 with "Interim Pass". It then added a new pass, the "Special Pass for East African Community Partner States". Regulation 7 inserted regulation 21A to govern that new pass. The copy of GN 428 we read is the gazetted text, hosted by the Citizenship Rights in Africa Initiative.

So a guide written before mid-2023 that mentions a special pass means the pass now called the interim pass.

Who should read this

If the main question is how the full permits work, start with our work permit, visa and residence permit guide. This guide covers the short-term instruments that sit around that process.

What is the interim pass, and does it let you work?

The interim pass is the old special pass under a new name. After GN 428, regulation 12 allows it for three purposes:

The GN 428 schedule codes these IP-1 (inquiry), IP-2 (pending permit or formality), IP-3 (dependants) and IP-4 (legalising status, for example after an overstay).

None of these purposes is employment. Shikana Law Group's 2017 note on the former special pass reached the same view: it does not allow the holder to work for gain.

The labour rule points the same way. Section 9 of the Non-Citizens (Employment Regulation) Act, Cap. 436 bars a non-citizen from any occupation for reward, profit or non-profit without a valid work permit or certificate of exemption. An interim pass is neither.

Clyde & Co reported in April 2023 that an applicant who is in Tanzania when the permit application is filed needs this pass. In practice, an expatriate who arrived on a visa and is waiting for a residence permit should hold an interim pass and should not start work until the work permit is granted.

What is the special pass for EAC nationals?

Regulation 21A, inserted by GN 428, created a pass reserved for citizens of East African Community Partner States. The Commissioner General of Immigration may issue it to an EAC national "who has secured employment or temporarily conducting profession or assignment for a period of not more than ninety days."

The schedule splits it into three codes:

A Kenyan engineer can apply for SP-2. A German or Indian engineer cannot, whatever the length of the job.

The EAC special pass is an Immigration document. GN 428 amends the Immigration Regulations only. It does not amend Cap. 436, and Cap. 436 applies to every non-citizen on the Mainland. On the text of section 9, an EAC national employed for reward still needs a work permit or a certificate of exemption. Confirm the labour position with the Labour Commissioner before an SP-1 holder starts work.

How long does each pass last, and can it be renewed?

The periods come from the notices, not from guidance pages. The interim pass rests on two notices read together. GN 541 of 2015 set a three-month period. GN 428 of 2023 replaced the "no renewal" rule with words allowing extension or renewal "for another period not exceeding three months" where necessary.

InstrumentFirst periodExtension or renewalWho decidesSource
Interim pass (IP-1 to IP-4)Three monthsOnce more, up to three months, where necessaryCommissioner General of ImmigrationGN 541 of 2015; GN 428 of 2023 reg. 5
Special pass for EAC nationals (SP-1 to SP-3)Not more than 90 daysUp to three months moreCommissioner General of ImmigrationGN 428 of 2023 reg. 7 (new reg. 21A)
Business visaUp to 90 daysNot extendable or renewable in the countryImmigrationTanzania High Commission, Kuala Lumpur; register F0394
Business pass (visa-exempt nationals)Period stated on the passStrictly not extendable or renewableImmigrationGN 246 of 2016, form TIF 26
Short-term residence permit B-3Employment not exceeding six monthsNot stated on the guideline pageImmigration, after the work permitImmigration e-Permit guidelines

The extension is discretionary, not a right.

TanzLII lists a later amendment, GN 121 of 2024, whose text did not load; it is under figures to confirm.

Business visa vs special pass vs work and residence permit

The table compares the four options by purpose, period, authority and government fee.

PointBusiness visaInterim passEAC special passWork permit plus residence permit
PurposeShort assignments such as machine repairs, short training, audits and feasibility studiesHolding status while a residence permit or formality is pending, or legalising statusEAC nationals with employment or a short assignmentEmployment or self-employment in Tanzania
Who may hold itForeigners who need a visaAny foreigner, with dependantsEAC citizens onlyAny non-citizen meeting the class rules
PeriodUp to 90 days, single entryThree months, plus up to threeUp to 90 days, plus up to three monthsWork permit 24 months, renewable to eight years
AuthorityImmigrationImmigrationImmigrationLabour Commissioner, then Immigration
Allows paid work?Only the listed short tasksNoImmigration status only; Cap. 436 still appliesYes, for the employer and post approved
Government fee and register IDUSD 250 (F0394)Assessed by Immigration; see figures to confirmAssessed by Immigration; see figures to confirmWork permit Class C USD 1,000 (F0415); residence permit B-1 USD 2,000 (F0406)

The business visa description comes from the Tanzania High Commission's visa page. It names fixing or repairing machines, running short-term training, auditing accounts and feasibility studies. It also says the business visa is not a substitute for a residence permit and cannot be extended or renewed in the country. Our note on business visas, entry passes and residence status covers the visa side in more detail.

An invitation letter is not permission to work; see our guide to the investor invitation letter.

Does a short-term worker also need a work permit?

Cap. 436 has no general short-term category. Section 9 applies to "any occupation", whatever its length. The fifth schedule lists five work permit classes, from A to E, each priced for a permit valid 24 months under section 12. Nothing in the Act or in the Non-Citizens (Employment Regulation) Regulations, 2016 (GN 331 of 2016) creates a short-term work permit.

There are two narrow alternatives. The first is a certificate of exemption under section 4(4) to 4(6) of Cap. 436. Regulation 13 of GN 331 says the employer applies in writing to the Minister, who takes the Labour Commissioner's advice and may decide within fourteen days. The grounds are a lack of qualified local staff or technological complexity, an investment of great value, and marriage to a Tanzanian for at least three years. The exemption must state its period.

The second is the short-term residence permit, code B-3, on the Immigration e-Permit guidelines. It covers specific employment by a specific employer for not more than six months. The guidelines still list a work permit among its requirements, so B-3 shortens the residence side, not the labour side.

A foreign supplier's engineer who installs or repairs a machine for a few weeks often fits the business visa. A person who fills a role in the Tanzanian company, is paid locally or runs production for weeks looks like an occupation under section 9. Where the line falls is a question of fact, and Immigration and the Labour Commissioner decide it. When the answer is unclear, get an advocate's written opinion before the person travels.

How do you apply on the e-Immigration portal?

Passes are applied for online. The e-Immigration pass portal lists Business Pass, Dependant Pass 1 and 2, Exemption Certificate, Special Pass, and Student Pass 1 and 2. It says entry passes are issued "subject to the conditions provided under the Immigration Regulations of 1997." The portal refers applicants to a guideline page that we could not open, so follow the schedule in GN 428 for documents.

DocumentInterim pass (IP-1, IP-2)EAC special pass SP-1EAC special pass SP-2Dependant (IP-3, SP-3)
Passport, valid at least six monthsYesYesYesYes, for applicant and dependant
Evidence of current immigration statusYesYesNot listedYes
Evidence of the pending formality, such as the permit applicationYesNoNoYes, for IP-3
Application letterYesYesYesYes, for IP-3
Company documents, TIN, VAT, certificate of incentives where heldNoNoYesNo
Evidence of relationshipNoNoNoYes, for SP-3

The six-month passport rule comes from GN 541 of 2015, which also lets Immigration ask for any other document.

How much does a special pass or interim pass cost?

The Zatra fee register does not carry a confirmed line for the interim pass or the EAC special pass in this edition. The authority assesses the fee on filing, and the amount on the control number governs. The GN 428 schedule and Tanzania mission pages print amounts, which we list under figures to confirm.

The register does carry the instruments these passes are compared with. Use them for budgeting:

ItemGovernment feeRegister IDLegal basis
Business visa, single entry, up to 90 daysUSD 250F0394Cap. 54 s.50(1)(j)
Ordinary visa, single entry, up to 90 daysUSD 50F0393Cap. 54 s.50(1)(j)
Work permit Class A, investors and self-employedUSD 1,000F0413Cap. 436 s.10(2)(a), Fifth Schedule
Work permit Class B, prescribed professionsUSD 500F0414Cap. 436 s.10(2)(a), Fifth Schedule
Work permit Class C, other professionsUSD 1,000F0415Cap. 436 s.10(2)(a), Fifth Schedule
Residence permit Class A-3, directUSD 3,000F0405Cap. 54 s.50(1)(j)
Residence permit Class B-1, directUSD 2,000F0406Cap. 54 s.50(1)(j)
Residence permit Class A or B through TISEZAUSD 3,050 or 2,050, plus 10% facilitationF0403, F0404Cap. 54 s.50(1)(j)
Re-entry pass, per personUSD 50NEW-04-21Cap. 54 s.50(1)(j)

Every government fee is paid to the authority at the official rate against its own control number. Zatra's professional fee is a separate bucket, quoted on our pricing page, and government fees are never folded into it or marked up. Our government fees handbook carries the full schedule.

What happens if someone works on the wrong pass?

Working on a pass that does not cover the work exposes both the worker and the business.

BreachPenalty as set by lawRegister IDLaw
Non-citizen working without a valid work permit or exemption, or any person employing or engaging oneFine of not less than TZS 10,000,000, or imprisonment of not less than 2 years, or bothF0422Cap. 436 s.9
Working without a valid residence permit, or employing such a personFine of not less than TZS 500,000, or imprisonment of up to 3 years, or bothF0426Cap. 54 s.47
Employing a foreigner without a valid work permit in ZanzibarFine of not less than TZS 500,000, or imprisonment of not less than 3 months in defaultNot in Mainland registerZanzibar Employment Act No. 11 of 2005 s.42(2), as enacted

Immigration can also cancel a pass and remove a person, and an overstay may need an IP-4 interim pass to regularise. Our note on working without a permit in Tanzania covers inspections and enforcement. If an officer detains a worker, opens an investigation or starts removal, instruct an advocate before anyone gives a statement.

How does this work in Zanzibar?

Immigration is a Union matter. The Immigration Act and its Regulations apply in Zanzibar, and GN 246 of 2016 lets a business pass be issued at the Immigration head office in Zanzibar. An interim pass or an EAC special pass is therefore the same instrument on both sides.

Labour is not a Union matter. Section 2(1) of Cap. 436 limits it to Mainland Tanzania. In Zanzibar, the Zanzibar Employment Act No. 11 of 2005 applies. Section 36(2) provides for a work permit for foreign employees issued by the Labour Commissioner of Zanzibar.

Zanzibar has something the Mainland does not: a short-term work permit. Section 38(1) of the 2005 Act creates short-term permits "valid for less than six months." Section 38(3) says they are not renewable, except for foreign investors. FB Attorneys confirm the six-month limit and that a Mainland permit cannot be used for work in Zanzibar.

PointMainland TanzaniaZanzibar
Passes and visasImmigration Act, Cap. 54 and 1997 Regulations as amendedSame Union law and Immigration service
Labour lawCap. 436 and GN 331 of 2016Employment Act No. 11 of 2005
Short-term work permitNone in Cap. 436Yes, less than six months, s.38
Issuing labour authorityLabour Commissioner, through OWAISLabour Commissioner of Zanzibar; ZIPA for investors

We read the 2005 Act as gazetted and could not confirm later amendments or the current Zanzibar fees. Check both with the Zanzibar labour office or ZIPA. Groups with staff on both sides should read our Mainland and Zanzibar permits guide.

Worked example: a 10-week commissioning engineer

A food processor in Morogoro buys a packaging line from a European supplier. The supplier sends one engineer, a non-EAC national, to install and commission the line. The job runs 10 weeks, or 70 days, from 2 November 2026 to 10 January 2027. The supplier pays the engineer; the processor pays the supplier under the purchase contract.

Route 1, business visa. Installing and commissioning the supplier's own machine sits close to "fixing or repairing machines" and short training. The engineer applies for a business visa before travel.

The 70 days fit inside the 90-day limit, with 20 days of slack. The visa cannot be extended in the country, so any overrun past 90 days means leaving or moving to the permit route. The interim pass does not help: it holds status but does not cover work.

Route 2, full permit route. Suppose the processor instead hires the engineer to run the line after commissioning, on its own payroll. That is an occupation under section 9, so the processor files for a work permit and then a residence permit.

The full route costs USD 2,800 more than the business visa, and it takes longer. A short-term B-3 residence permit may lower the residence side for a job of six months or less, but the register carries no confirmed line for it, so confirm its fee on the control number. If the engineer were a Kenyan national, an SP-2 special pass could hold the Immigration side instead of a visa, with its fee assessed by Immigration.

What to do now

  1. Describe the task in writing. State what the person will do, who pays them, where and for how many days.
  2. Match the task to the instrument. Use the business visa for short supplier tasks, the full permit route for employment and the interim pass only to hold status.
  3. Check nationality. EAC citizens may use the special pass under regulation 21A; everyone else uses the interim pass or a visa.
  4. Count the days. Plan inside 90 days for a business visa and three months for an interim pass, and diarise any extension request well before expiry.
  5. Confirm the labour position. Ask whether Cap. 436 section 9 applies, and seek an exemption certificate or work permit if it does.
  6. Apply on the official portals. File passes on the e-Immigration portal and pay only against the authority's control number.
  7. Treat Zanzibar separately. For work in Zanzibar, obtain the Zanzibar labour approval as well as the Immigration document.
  8. Escalate early. If Immigration queries the pass, detains a worker or starts removal, instruct an advocate.

Key dates and deadlines

The table applies the rules to the worked example. Replace the dates with your own.

WhenDate in the exampleActionBasis
Before travelBy late October 2026Apply for the business visa and keep the supplier contract on fileBusiness visa rules; F0394
Day 12 November 2026Entry; the 90-day business visa period startsTanzania High Commission visa page
Day 7010 January 2027Planned end of commissioning and departureProject plan
Day 9030 January 2027Last day on the business visa, on our countBusiness visa, maximum 90 days
Interim pass, first periodThree months from issueRequest any extension before expiryGN 541 of 2015; GN 428 of 2023
EAC special passUp to 90 days from issueRequest any extension, up to three monthsGN 428 of 2023, reg. 21A

How Zatra helps

Zatra's work and residence permits service reviews the assignment, recommends the instrument and prepares the file for the e-Immigration portal or OWAIS. Where the full route is needed, it runs the work permit, residence permit and renewals; see our guide to work permit renewal and our residence permit guide. A Senior Advisory Session at USD 49 suits a single route question.

Government fees are paid by the client to the authority at the official rate against its control number, separately from Zatra's fee. Zatra prepares and coordinates the file; it does not decide or guarantee any authority's outcome. Detention, removal, prosecution, appeals and formal legal opinions go to Zatra's advocate.

Sources and status

Accurate as at 7 October 2026.

Figures to confirm before you act

This article is general information based on official sources available at the date of publication. It is not legal, tax or financial advice. Laws and notices change. Verify with the issuing authority or consult Zatra before acting.

Frequently asked questions

Can a non-EAC foreigner still get a special pass in Tanzania?

Not under that name. Since GN 428 of 2023, a non-EAC foreigner waiting for a residence permit or completing a formality applies for an interim pass. Older guides and some forms may still say special pass, so check which instrument the officer is issuing.

Can I start work while my residence permit application is pending?

Not on the strength of an interim pass. Work needs a valid work permit or certificate of exemption under Cap. 436 section 9. Start once the Labour Commissioner has granted the work permit, and keep the residence permit application moving in parallel.

Does leaving Tanzania cancel an interim pass?

Commentators report that the pass ends on departure and gives no right of re-entry. Plan travel so the holder does not leave while the residence permit is pending, or be ready to re-enter on a fresh visa.

Can an EAC national use the special pass instead of a work permit?

The special pass settles immigration status only. Cap. 436 applies to every non-citizen on the Mainland, and GN 428 did not amend it. An EAC employee should still hold a work permit or exemption unless the Labour Commissioner confirms otherwise in writing.

Can a business visa be converted into a work permit inside Tanzania?

The business visa cannot be extended or renewed in the country. If the role becomes employment, the employer files for a work permit and residence permit, and the person holds an interim pass while the files are decided.

Who pays the pass fees, the employer or the worker?

No rule fixes who bears the cost between the parties. Most employers pay and record it in the assignment letter. Whoever pays, use only the control number issued by Immigration.

Is an exemption certificate faster than a work permit?

Regulation 13 of GN 331 lets the Minister decide within fourteen days, but only on narrow grounds such as scarce skills or a high-value investment. It is an exception for hard cases, not a routine shortcut for short jobs.

What is the Exemption Certificate listed on the pass portal?

The e-Immigration portal lists an Exemption Certificate among its pass types. We did not find its conditions on a page that loads, so ask Immigration before relying on it. It is distinct from the labour exemption under Cap. 436.

Sources & regulators

Verify before filing: Rates, forms and thresholds move by Finance Act, Government Notice and portal revision. Confirm the live schedule on the mandate-holder portal before you budget or submit. Law-firm alerts and Big Four notes are discovery only.

Brief the desk

This Insights page is orientation. Work and residence permits is the commercial desk for the same facts. Zatra’s fee stays on its own line, separate from government, bank and regulator charges. Approvals are not guaranteed.

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Disclaimer

This article is informational orientation. It is not legal, tax or investment advice and not a government decision. Tanzanian instruments move by Act, Government Notice, Finance Act and portal revision. If a sentence here disagrees with the live mandate-holder, the mandate-holder wins. Zatra Consultants Limited does not issue licences, permits, tax clearances or approvals, and gives no assurance of any regulatory or banking outcome. Professional fees are published only on /pricing/.

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